Did you know a parent or caregiver can pass the bacteria that causes cavities to their babies?  As I feed Ezra more of what I am eating, I realize we end up sharing the spoon. If I have untreated caries in my mouth, I can pass the Strep mutans (believed to be the primary bacteria that causes cavities) to Ezra and colonize his mouth and teeth so he could potentially "catch" cavities from me.  

We know Strep mutans are not present in babies' mouths at birth. "Research shows that caries can be infectious.  When an infant is born, its mouth is basically sterile.  It does not
have decay-causing bacteria in its mouth.  The decay-causing bacteria is 'acquired' or 'inoculated' at some point in its life.  It may be the timing and amount of the inoculation that determines the risk of decay. The infant could be inoculated by Strep mutans in many different ways -i.e.- kissing, using same spoon, etc.  Once exposed to Strep mutans, the critical issue then becomes how often the infant is exposed to sugar.  Frequency of exposure to sugar is more important than the amount of sugar.  A low bacteria count with many sugar exposures can be just as cariogenic as a high bacteria count and less sugar exposure." The late Dr. Brian Palmer was a leading researcher on breastfeeding and oral development and health, and that quote was his, taken from a presentation on his website. 

Dr. Palmer also showed us breastmilk is anticariogenic in nature -- meaning breastmilk alone will never cause decay.  Now as soon as you add a Goldfish cracker or a slip of dried seaweed -- anything that has carbs in it -- you have the makings for caries.  But his research showed teeth soaked in breastmilk did not decay. This is important in light of night-nursing.  When babies start to get active and busy, they often shift the majority of their eating from the daytime to the nighttime (we call this reverse-cycling), yet night-nursing is often blamed for infant caries.  Wiping the teeth with a clean cloth at night is something some parents do, but admittedly not every parent is awake or aware enough to see this through.  Others choose to brush their babies' teeth after dinner and only allow breastmilk or water until morning.  Whatever you choose, it is important to be mindful that as soon as your baby's teeth erupt, it is time to start taking care of them.

As parents there are things we can do to help improve our babies' dental health: 

• Ensure your own mouth is in tip-top shape and role-model good oral hygiene habits.  I did last visit the dentist in March, a month before Ezra was born, and my mouth was deemed cavity-free -- I am overdue to go back, but with a baby in my care during common office hours, I keep delaying my visit!
• If you have active caries or current mouth pain, think twice before exchanging slobbery kisses, sharing spoons, or "degerming" the fallen pacifier with a pop into your own mouth before offering it to your baby...same holds true for anyone in close contact with your baby. You can pass those Strep mutans right to your baby and that begins the infection, essentially.
• Practice good eating habits.  What the research tells us is, it isn't the amount of sugar we eat, it is the frequency of sugar.  My husband shared with pride how he could make his Halloween candy last a year when he was a kid.  In my family we were allowed to gobble all of our candy up in the matter of a few days. Everything equal as far as daily brushing routines, who has the increase risk of cavities?
• Know your family history.  Did you have an aunt who had an enamel deficiency? Be suspicious for any kind of enamel anomaly or peculiar periodontal paradox plaguing your predecessors (oh my, I had to!).  
• Along those lines, if you already know someone in your family dealt with tongue or lip ties, be aware there is a possibility your baby may be affected. Some terms you may hear at family gatherings that can hint to tie issues include: "small upper palate" (palate expander needed), "large lower jaw," "high palate;" perhaps someone had to have a frenectomy to remove  a space between the upper two front teeth (a diastema).  Any of these could allude to a tie issue. If your baby has an upper-lip-tie or a tongue-tie, consider revision.  I learned this the hard way 13 years ago with my oldest son.  He had his four top teeth capped at 18 months due to restrictions in his mouth -- at the time my husband and I had no idea why that decay occurred.  Since then we learned upper-lip-ties can hold bacteria and food in pockets close to the teeth, and a tongue-tie can limit the tongue's ability to sweep out that debris.  Often with a tight upper-lip-tie, it is hard to brush the area because of the thickness of the frenulum and the pain it can bring the chid. Dr. Palmer's website also has information on frenulums.  

There is other very interesting information at Dr. Palmer's site on additional reasons decay can occur in children, including major maternal illness or stress during pregnancy -- certainly worth a read if you feel that might fit your situation. 

There is much joy in feeding that little baby of yours "real food" once they can really go for it.  With a little bit of knowledge, and a tiny toothbrush, you have the tools to help protect those teethies while also building lifelong habits of proper dental hygiene.

We decided to see Dr. James Jesse in San Bernardino, CA. It was a four hour drive for us, and to ease the stress of travel, Brad, Ezra, and I drove down the day before and stayed in a hotel.

During my Virtual Adventures in Tie-Land, I met a LLL Leader and IBCLC who lives about an hour south of me, Julie Huisjen.    She was the one who really planted the idea of visiting Dr. Jesse and seeking laser revision for the ULT and PTT, as opposed to scissors for the PTT alone. As much as I didn’t want to travel that far, I came to the realization that a trip to Dr. Jesse was the way to go. As a bonus, Julie asked if she could come and observe the procedure, and I was pleased for the opportunity to meet her and have additional support.

Julie was waiting for us when we arrived at the office, and although we just met, I was grateful for her presence. When Dr. Jesse came to our room he was friendly and up-beat. He examined Ezra and agreed that we could benefit from having the ties revised. He explained the procedure, answered questions, and was appreciative of Julie’s and my breastfeeding background.

I sat in the dental chair with Ezra’s head on my left shoulder. I held my arms over Ezra’s chest, thereby pinning his arms but allowing his feet freedom to kick. Dr. Jesse numbed Ezra’s mouth, and then we sat and chatted for a few minutes to allow the anesthetic to take effect. Dr. Jesse was very personable with a great sense of humor. We asked to video the procedure and Dr. Jesse welcomed it -- that way I could watch it later.

Two assistants helped, one holding Ezra’s head behind us, and another to the right of us who was holding the spit-sucker (I am sure there is a technical term for that!). Once started, the actual procedure took less than 5 minutes. Ezra cried and moved a lot, but I knew he was probably more bothered by the restraining of his head than the laser surgery happening in his mouth. There was a little blood to be blotted with gauze, and that was it! 

I sat up and looked at my fat-lipped baby as Dr. Jesse said, “From here on out things will get better.” I asked how soon I could nurse him, and smiling Dr. Jesse answered, “Moms like you nurse right away.” We tried, but Ezra’s numb mouth made latching difficult. I decided we would try again later. Dr. Jesse said babies cry for about 8 minutes post-revision, and then they are usually okay. We happened to have the appointment before lunch, and Dr. Jesse was kind enough to talk to us for another 30 or 40 minutes, generously sharing information, stories, and jokes.

We went to lunch and I nursed Ezra for the first time. I could already see a part of his upper lip turned out that I had never seen before – it wasn’t a huge flanging or anything, but it was something. I didn’t notice relief, though – if anything it felt a little tighter (read: worse).

Ezra was acting fine when we hit the road and headed for home. 30 minutes from home he began crying inconsolably. We stopped at Costco and I tried to nurse him in the car. He would attempt to latch, but then he acted like his mouth hurt (which I could believe!). I was worried about him not nursing, but they told me at the office he might not want to nurse too much in the first 24 hours, so it wasn’t a surprise. I decided at that point to give him Tylenol, we walked around Costco for about an hour, and then he settled down to nurse. I still couldn’t tell a difference in my pain level.

I gave him one more dose of Tylenol later that evening, and by the next afternoon, he seemed back to normal. Dr. Jesse’s office instructed us to stretch the upper lip and sweep under the tongue once every hour Ezra was awake. We went to a chiropractor the next day, and I have never seen Ezra so melty afterwards, if that’s a word.

Ezra’s “reflux” stopped almost overnight. He would still spit up, but it was nothing like it had been before. His clicking was mostly gone. That strange (cute) way he had of chewing up to latch on the nipple with a grimace on his face was gone, as was his way of sliding off the nipple while nursing. He seemed to be doing better, but I was still waiting…

Sometimes he didn’t mind the stretching, other times he hated it. One thing I figured out was to do the stretches as far away from a feeding session as I could, or we might have a hard time nursing afterwards. 

One week passed and although Ezra seemed happy, I wasn't noticing anything much more than not having to hold the breast for him every time he nursed. I am so grateful for Tongue Tie Babies Support Group, there I received realistic ideas about how things might shape up for us over time. Although some women note instant relief after their babies' revisions, it seemed to me for every one who had that experience, there were 4 women who said it took many weeks for full effect.  If I hadn't known that, I would have felt the surgery was a waste of time and money.  So I kept up with the exercises and tried to encourage wider and deeper latching.

Speaking of money, in my haste to get this done I didn't ask Dr. Jesse's office the price of the procedure or what my insurance might cover. As Ezra was a newborn, I hadn't thought to sign him up on our dental plan, which would have covered the surgery. I was surprised to have to pay out-of-pocket for the surgery -- it was $400. I was happy to do it (although I will be even happier if our medical insurance reimburses us some!).  Realistically, that is an affordable price for this procedure, in my opinion.   

Two weeks passed and I wasn't feeling better.  The nipple shape still showed some compression stripes after nursing.  Before the revision, it was more painful to nurse on the left side; after the revision, it was more painful on the right side.  This was not a miracle fix for me.  Again, I was uplifted by the stories of other mothers; I tried to be patient, continued with the stretches, and kept correcting shallow latch-attempts.

Around three weeks, I started to feel a shift.  One thing I have done since the very beginning with Ezra was talk him through our nursing sessions. Although this may seem silly, as in our family we already decided our dog is smarter than our baby (for now!), there is evidence that shows babies can learn when moms talk to them (parent–infant synchrony, or affect synchrony).  The left brain is the technical, watch-the-clock, math side, while the right is the emotional, easy-breezy side. It isn't really possible to get our babies to learn algebra or memorize a linear sequence of events, but it is possible for babies to absorb behaviors and coping strategies connected and displayed by their mothers or other caregivers. It's like a baby's first positive self-talk -- I let him know, not only with words but also with emotions and facial/body language, how we can improve our relationship.  It can't hurt, right?  I am not attributing our breastfeeding success entirely to this concept, but I feel it certainly can't hurt!

How this looks:  When Ezra would latch well, I would praise him and relax and smile.  If his latch needed adjustment, I would say something like, "Okay, let's try that again.  Open you mouth wider so it doesn't pinch." 

The most fun for talking and nursing was in a laid-back position while I was on my bed.  I would lie in bed and prop Ezra's upper half on my upper half, with his legs basically standing on the mattress. Babies have about 20 reflex responses that kick in when they are on their bellies as opposed to their backs, and one of these is called, aptly, "stepping."  As Ezra would step to get closer to the nipple, reaching it chin first and then latching over the nipple with his upper jaw, his upper lip would naturally be in an ideal position to flange open. We were also en face, ready to engage and exchange smiles, head bobs, and happy eyes. 

By four weeks (two days ago) I could safely say I believed we were cured.  So inappropriate in an essay, but I feel that statement deserves a smiley face.  This is where I go all Dorothy on you to figure out what I learned from my journey:

1. Find support.  It wasn't until I connected with the Facebook group that I found experienced, real-life helpers in my area.  Not only was this beneficial in assessing our situation, it also led me to the best practitioner for the job. If you haven't already met with an IBCLC experienced in ties, a group like Tongue Tie Babies Support would be a good place to ask for referrals in your area.

2. Get a second opinion -- and a third, and a fourth -- until you feel your gut agrees with what the professional is telling you. You have inner wisdom -- use it!  Everything we are told is filtered through someone else's perception and experience. The first idea to pop into one practitioner's head may not be the same thing to pop into another's. In healthcare, the difference between wrong and right can sometimes be a simple difference of opinion.

3. Don't judge a book by its cover.  And don't let your healthcare practitioner do the same.  This means, the appearance of the tie/s shouldn't be more important than how the tie/s affect breastfeeding for mom and/or baby. The first doctor we saw (who was also an IBCLC) said Ezra's tongue-tie did not look severe, but due to the clicking, sliding, and pain, warranted treatment.  If your practitioner doesn't value function over form, you may want to seek another opinion.

4. Continue to work with your baby patiently. It stands to reason the longer your baby has nursed with the tie/s, the more time he may need to get to a better place after revision. Resolution of the ties themselves is only the first part of the process; for continued progress, stretches help avoid reattachment that could come with normal healing. Your baby may also need to relearn how to breastfeed with this new and improved equipment, and that is where working with an experienced IBCLC can be integral, as well as getting bodywork done for your baby. I also chose to do tongue exercises with Ezra that are found in Breastfeeding Answers Made Simple: "Walking Back on the Tongue," and "Pushing the Tongue Down and Out."
   
5. Add your baby to your dental insurance. Or, be prepared ahead of time.  It may just be me who makes that mistake ever, but still, I wish someone would have reminded me of that 4 weeks and, oh, 3 days ago. :)

I had a cavity filled today.  I like my new dentist, he is a funny guy and his
staff is friendly -- they remember my name.  My dentist was chatting today about when he was a kid, he was always building things.  He decided he wanted to be an engineer, but once in school, a fellow engineering-turned-dentistry-student talked to him about becoming a dentist, and he changed his mind.  "I like being a dentist, but sometimes I think I should have stuck with engineering."  From my stand-point, or chair-point (lounge-point?), I see the fields of dentistry and engineering as pretty similar -- bridges are built in both, right?  He seems to think we should write a book together, about something important, I guess -- the topic is still undecided.  

I had a lower cavity filled, and my dentist made sure I was good and numb -- actually, my whole tongue was numb and half of my lower jaw, including the right side of my lip.  After he injected the medication, he asked me to keep my mouth open for a couple of minutes and to stretch the muscles, and also tilt my head to the right so the anesthetic could gravitate downward to provide better coverage.  Once he came back, and I could take the spit-sucker out, close my mouth, and then open it to talk, I shared with him that when a woman receives an epidural a similar anesthetic issue can occur.  After epidural placement, a woman is propped on her left side, and if everything is going well, she is left in this position indefinitely.  Gravity causes the medication to pool into that lower left side, leaving the right side less-anesthetized.  Have you ever heard from a woman, "My epidural only worked on one side"?  This could
be why.  My dentist agreed this made sense. 

There are ways to prevent this, something called "pancake-flipping," where we have the woman lie on her left side for a few contractions, and then we help her move to her right side for a few; next we facilitate a forward/hands and knees position, usually with lots of bunched-up pillows.  As mom keeps "flipping," it helps to evenly distribute the medication through her lower body.

I wanted an epidural with my first birth -- I had voiced that request loud and clear for months before I even had a hint of what labor would feel like.  In my case, I never received one.  In hindsight, I am glad for that, but at the time I was bitter.  Regardless, today I felt like my tongue had epidural anesthetic. (I realize, just as there isn't a specific "epidural" drug, it is a cocktail of different medications that can be changed according to an anesthesiologist's preference and a patient's needs, "epidural" refers to the specific spot where the medication is placed -- the epidural space is the sac of fluid that surrounds the spinal column.  Obviously this doesn't apply to my tongue.)  My dentist requested I move my tongue to the left so he could drill on my tooth a little.  I tried to move my tongue, but I was unsure if it was actually going anywhere!  "I can't tell ith I am moothing it or not!" I half-mumbled, half-dribbled.  I was instantly reminded of being with a past client who had a heavy epidural, during her pushing phase, and the doctor demanding, "Push!  You need to push!"  To which her confused reponse was, "I can't tell if I am pushing!?"

I do like my dentist, he is gregarious and puts me at ease; I think I will, however, give him six months to ponder over what we could collaborate on -- I am in no hurry to return back to the chair to get an epidural for my tongue.